Как узнать информацию о дисках в системе

Простой и быстрый способ узнать какие диски установлены в вашей Linux системе

Утилита LSHW

Утилита lshw (Linux Hardware Lister) предназначена для получения детальной информации о компонентах сервера: процессоре, конфигурации оперативной памяти, материнской плате, BIOS информацию, конфигурацию кэша, шины и многое другое (в комплекте с утилитой также имеется база данных оборудования с USB и PCI интерфейсами).

Утилита отсутствует в стандартном наборе, поэтому установку производим самостоятельно, для RHEL достаточно выполнить yum install lshw -y

Для того, чтобы получить информацию о дисковых устройствах системы, выполним команду lshw -class disk -class storage:

# lshw -class disk -class storage
  *-sas                     
       description: Serial Attached SCSI controller
       product: SAS2308 PCI-Express Fusion-MPT SAS-2
       vendor: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:05:00.0
       logical name: scsi0
       version: 05
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: sas pm pciexpress vpd msi msix bus_master cap_list
       configuration: driver=mpt2sas latency=0
       resources: irq:28 ioport:1000(size=256) memory:b1940000-b194ffff memory:b1900000-b193ffff
     *-disk:0
          description: SCSI Disk
          product: HUS156060VLS600
          vendor: HITACHI
          physical id: 0.0.0
          bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
          logical name: /dev/sda
          version: A5D0
          serial: LXYPEN4N
          size: 558GiB (600GB)
          capacity: 690GiB (741GB)
          capabilities: 15000rpm partitioned partitioned:dos
          configuration: ansiversion=6 logicalsectorsize=512 sectorsize=512 signature=000c7267
     *-disk:1
          description: ATA Disk
          product: HGST HUS724030AL
          physical id: 0.1.0
          bus info: scsi@0:0.1.0
          logical name: /dev/sdb
          version: AA70
          serial: PN1234P9GBA12T
          size: 2794GiB (3TB)
          capacity: 2794GiB (3TB)
          capabilities: 15000rpm gpt-1.00 partitioned partitioned:gpt
          configuration: ansiversion=6 guid=848982cf-d9f0-45fa-86a6-e238c1b21ee5 logicalsectorsize=512 sectorsize=512
     *-disk:2
          description: ATA Disk
          product: HGST HUS724030AL
          physical id: 0.2.0
          bus info: scsi@0:0.2.0
          logical name: /dev/sdc
          version: AA70
          serial: PN1234P9GBA4YT
          size: 2794GiB (3TB)
          capacity: 2794GiB (3TB)
          capabilities: 15000rpm gpt-1.00 partitioned partitioned:gpt
          configuration: ansiversion=6 guid=8b8b48bb-beff-4dd4-8f5d-7a224ce39441 logicalsectorsize=512 sectorsize=512
     *-disk:3
          description: ATA Disk
          product: INTEL SSDSC2BB24
          physical id: 0.3.0
          bus info: scsi@0:0.3.0
          logical name: /dev/sdd
          version: 0130
          serial: BTWA540205SH240AGN
          size: 223GiB (240GB)
          capacity: 223GiB (240GB)
          capabilities: 15000rpm gpt-1.00 partitioned partitioned:gpt
          configuration: ansiversion=6 guid=37f0feb3-d50a-49de-90bd-7b33bcffca7e logicalsectorsize=512 sectorsize=4096
  *-raid
       description: RAID bus controller
       product: 82801JIR (ICH10R) SATA RAID Controller
       vendor: Intel Corporation
       physical id: 1f.2
       bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2
       logical name: scsi5
       version: 00
       width: 32 bits
       clock: 66MHz
       capabilities: raid msi pm bus_master cap_list emulated
       configuration: driver=ahci latency=0
       resources: irq:49 ioport:3108(size=8) ioport:3114(size=4) ioport:3100(size=8) ioport:3110(size=4) ioport:3020(size=32) memory:b1b20000-b1b207ff
     *-cdrom
          description: DVD-RAM writer
          product: DVD RW AD-7710H
          vendor: Optiarc
          physical id: 0.0.0
          bus info: scsi@5:0.0.0
          logical name: /dev/cdrom
          logical name: /dev/sr0
          version: 1.01
          capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram
          configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc

Для отображения краткого списка дисков в системе, достаточно выполнить команду lshw -short -C disk

# lshw -short -C disk
H/W path            Device         Class          Description
=============================================================
/0/100/7/0/0.0.0    /dev/sda       disk           741GB HUS156060VLS600
/0/100/7/0/0.1.0    /dev/sdb       disk           3TB HGST HUS724030AL
/0/100/7/0/0.2.0    /dev/sdc       disk           3TB HGST HUS724030AL
/0/100/7/0/0.3.0    /dev/sdd       disk           240GB INTEL SSDSC2BB24
/0/100/1f.2/0.0.0   /dev/cdrom     disk           DVD RW AD-7710H

Утилита LSHW

Аналогично с предыдущей командой извлекает огромное количество разнообразной информации о дисках. Запускается с ключом -I, указав путь диска, к примеру hdparm -I /dev/sdd:

# hdparm -I /dev/sdd

/dev/sdd:

ATA device, with non-removable media
        Model Number:       INTEL SSDSC2BB240G6                     
        Serial Number:      BTWA540205SH240AGN  
        Firmware Revision:  G2010130
        Media Serial Num:   
        Media Manufacturer: 
        Transport:          Serial, ATA8-AST, SATA 1.0a, SATA II Extensions, SATA Rev 2.5, SATA Rev 2.6
Standards:
        Used: unknown (minor revision code 0x0110) 
        Supported: 9 8 7 6 5 
        Likely used: 9
Configuration:
        Logical         max     current
        cylinders       16383   16383
        heads           16      16
        sectors/track   63      63
        --
        CHS current addressable sectors:   16514064
        LBA    user addressable sectors:  268435455
        LBA48  user addressable sectors:  468862128
        Logical  Sector size:                   512 bytes
        Physical Sector size:                  4096 bytes
        Logical Sector-0 offset:                  0 bytes
        device size with M = 1024*1024:      228936 MBytes
        device size with M = 1000*1000:      240057 MBytes (240 GB)
        cache/buffer size  = unknown
        Form Factor: 2.5 inch
        Nominal Media Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Capabilities:
        LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
        Queue depth: 32
        Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, no device specific minimum
        R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 1   Current = 1
        DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6 
             Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
        PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4 
             Cycle time: no flow control=120ns  IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
        Enabled Supported:
           *    SMART feature set
                Security Mode feature set
           *    Power Management feature set
           *    Write cache
           *    Look-ahead
           *    Host Protected Area feature set
           *    WRITE_BUFFER command
           *    READ_BUFFER command
           *    NOP cmd
           *    DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
                SET_MAX security extension
           *    48-bit Address feature set
           *    Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
           *    FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
           *    SMART error logging
           *    SMART self-test
           *    General Purpose Logging feature set
           *    WRITE_{DMA|MULTIPLE}_FUA_EXT
           *    64-bit World wide name
           *    IDLE_IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD
           *    WRITE_UNCORRECTABLE_EXT command
           *    {READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands
           *    Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
                unknown 119[6]
           *    Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
           *    Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)
           *    Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s)
           *    Native Command Queueing (NCQ)
           *    Phy event counters
           *    unknown 76[15]
           *    Software settings preservation
           *    SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set
           *    SCT Write Same (AC2)
           *    SCT Error Recovery Control (AC3)
           *    SCT Features Control (AC4)
           *    SCT Data Tables (AC5)
           *    reserved 69[4]
           *    Data Set Management TRIM supported (limit 4 blocks)
           *    Deterministic read ZEROs after TRIM
Security: 
        Master password revision code = 65534
                supported
        not     enabled
        not     locked
        not     frozen
        not     expired: security count
                supported: enhanced erase
        4min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 4min for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 
Logical Unit WWN Device Identifier: 55cd2e404c0fe0fa
        NAA             : 5
        IEEE OUI        : 5cd2e4
        Unique ID       : 04c0fe0fa
Checksum: correct