Безболезненное обновление версии CentOS с 6 до версии 7.
Небольшие особенности 7-ой версии
Поддержка Линуск контейнеров
Обновленное ядро 3.10.0
XFS файловая система по умолчанию
Создание LVM снепшотов с файловой системой ext4 или XFS
Переход с MySQL на MariaDB
Поддержка установки в UEFI режиме
и многое другое…
Обновление текущей CentOS 6
Перед тем, как начать - проверьте чтобы были установлены все последние обновления, это поможет избежать проблем в дальнейшем.
yum -y update
Проверяем текущую версию системы
Обновление до 7 версии возможно с версии CentOS 6.5 и CentOS 6.6. Если версия вашей системы ниже представленных, то рекомендую обновить её до последней в своей ветке.
Начиная с 7 версии RHEL обновление возможно с помощью утилиты redhat-upgrade-tool. Для установки утилиты есть два пути: быстрый - подключение репозитория, и более долгий со скачиванием и установкой каждого пакета.
Запуск пред-инсталляционного помощника не выполняет никаких модернизаций, но будет проверять потенциальные проблемы, которые могут произойти после перехода с 6 на 7 версию CentOS
preupg
Утилита дополнительно спросит вас, хотим ли продолжить - отвечаем “yes”
[root@bogachev ~]# preupg Preupg tool doesn't do the actual upgrade. Please ensure you have backed up your system and/or data in the event of a failed upgrade that would require a full re-install of the system from installation media. Do you want to continue? y/n
Результат работы данной команды на моей системе
Gathering logs used by preupgrade assistant: All installed packages : 01/11 ...finished (time 00:00s) All changed files : 02/11 ...finished (time 00:37s) Changed config files : 03/11 ...finished (time 00:00s) All users : 04/11 ...finished (time 00:00s) All groups : 05/11 ...finished (time 00:00s) Service statuses : 06/11 ...finished (time 00:00s) All installed files : 07/11 ...finished (time 00:01s) All local files : 08/11 ...finished (time 00:01s) All executable files : 09/11 ...finished (time 00:00s) RedHat signed packages : 10/11 ...finished (time 00:00s) CentOS signed packages : 11/11 ...finished (time 00:00s) Assessment of the system, running checks / SCE scripts: 001/096 ...done (Configuration Files to Review) 002/096 ...done (File Lists for Manual Migration) 003/096 ...done (Bacula Backup Software) 004/096 ...done (MySQL configuration) 005/096 ...done (Migration of the MySQL data stack) 006/096 ...done (Changes related to moving from MySQL to MariaDB) 007/096 ...done (PostgreSQL upgrade content) 008/096 ...done (GNOME Desktop Environment underwent several design modifications in CentOS 7 release) 009/096 ...done (KDE Desktop Environment underwent several design modifications in CentOS 7 release) 010/096 ...done (several graphic drivers not supported in CentOS 7) 011/096 ...done (several input drivers not supported in CentOS 7) 012/096 ...done (several kernel networking drivers not available in CentOS 7) 013/096 ...done (several kernel storage drivers not available in CentOS 7) 014/096 ...done (Names, Options and Output Format Changes in arptables) 015/096 ...done (BIND9 running in a chroot environment check.) 016/096 ...done (BIND9 configuration compatibility check) 017/096 ...done (Move dhcpd/dhcprelay arguments from /etc/sysconfig/* to *.service files) 018/096 ...done (DNSMASQ configuration compatibility check) 019/096 ...done (Dovecot configuration compatibility check) 020/096 ...done (Compatibility Between iptables and ip6tables) 021/096 ...done (Net-SNMP check) 022/096 ...done (Squid configuration compatibility check) 023/096 ...done (Reusable Configuration Files) 024/096 ...done (VCS repositories) 025/096 ...done (Added and extended options for BIND9 configuration) 026/096 ...done (Added options in DNSMASQ configuration) 027/096 ...done (Packages not signed by CentOS) 028/096 ...done (Obsoleted rpms) 029/096 ...done (w3m not available in CentOS 7) 030/096 ...done (report incompatibilities between CentOS 6 and 7 in qemu-guest-agent package) 031/096 ...done (Removed options in coreutils binaries) 032/096 ...done (Removed options in gawk binaries) 033/096 ...done (Removed options in netstat binary) 034/096 ...done (Removed options in quota tools) 035/096 ...done (Removed rpms) 036/096 ...done (Replaced rpms) 037/096 ...done (GMP library incompatibilities) 038/096 ...done (package downgrades) 039/096 ...done (restore custom selinux configuration) 040/096 ...done (General) 041/096 ...done (samba shared directories selinux) 042/096 ...done (CUPS Browsing/BrowsePoll configuration) 043/096 ...done (CVS Package Split) 044/096 ...done (FreeRADIUS Upgrade Verification) 045/096 ...done (httpd configuration compatibility check) 046/096 ...done (bind-dyndb-ldap) 047/096 ...done (Identity Management Server compatibility check) 048/096 ...done (IPA Server CA Verification) 049/096 ...done (NTP configuration) 050/096 ...done (Information on time-sync.target) 051/096 ...done (OpenLDAP /etc/sysconfig and data compatibility) 052/096 ...done (OpenSSH sshd_config migration content) 053/096 ...done (OpenSSH sysconfig migration content) 054/096 ...done (Configuration for quota_nld service) 055/096 ...done (Disk quota netlink message daemon moved into quota-nld package) 056/096 ...done (SSSD compatibility check) 057/096 ...done (Luks encrypted partition) 058/096 ...done (Clvmd and cmirrord daemon management.) 059/096 ...done (State of LVM2 services.) 060/096 ...done (device-mapper-multipath configuration compatibility check) 061/096 ...done (Removal of scsi-target-utils) 062/096 ...done (Configuration for warnquota tool) 063/096 ...done (Disk quota tool warnquota moved into quota-warnquota package) 064/096 ...done (Architecture Support) 065/096 ...done (Binary rebuilds) 066/096 ...done (Debuginfo packages) 067/096 ...done (Cluster and High Availability) 068/096 ...done (Quorum implementation) 069/096 ...done (fix krb5kdc config file) 070/096 ...done (File Systems, Partitions and Mounts Configuration Review) 071/096 ...done (Read Only FHS directories) 072/096 ...done (Sonamebumped libs) 073/096 ...done (SonameKept Reusable Dynamic Libraries) 074/096 ...done (Removed .so libs) 075/096 ...done (In-place Upgrade Requirements for the /usr/ Directory) 076/096 ...done (CA certificate bundles modified) 077/096 ...done (Developer Tool Set packages) 078/096 ...done (Hyper-V) 079/096 ...done (Content for enabling and disabling services based on CentOS 6 system) 080/096 ...done (Check for ethernet interface naming) 081/096 ...done (User modification in /etc/rc.local and /etc/rc.d/rc.local) 082/096 ...done (cgroups configuration compatibility check) 083/096 ...done (Plugable authentication modules (PAM)) 084/096 ...done (Foreign Perl modules) 085/096 ...done (Python 2.7.5) 086/096 ...done (Ruby 2.0.0) 087/096 ...done (SCL collections) 088/096 ...done (System kickstart) 089/096 ...done (YUM) 090/096 ...done (Check for usage of dangerous range of UID/GIDs) 091/096 ...done (Incorrect usage of reserved UID/GIDs) 092/096 ...done (NIS ypbind config files back-up) 093/096 ...done (NIS Makefile back-up) 094/096 ...done (NIS server maps check) 095/096 ...done (NIS server MAXUID and MAXGID limits check) 096/096 ...done (NIS server config file back-up) Assessment finished (time 02:43s) Result table with checks and their results for main contents: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Bacula Backup Software |notapplicable | |MySQL configuration |notapplicable | |Migration of the MySQL data stack |notapplicable | |Changes related to moving from MySQL to MariaDB |notapplicable | |PostgreSQL upgrade content |notapplicable | |GNOME Desktop Environment underwent several design modifications in CentOS 7 release |notapplicable | |KDE Desktop Environment underwent several design modifications in CentOS 7 release |notapplicable | |several graphic drivers not supported in CentOS 7 |notapplicable | |several input drivers not supported in CentOS 7 |notapplicable | |Names, Options and Output Format Changes in arptables |notapplicable | |BIND9 running in a chroot environment check. |notapplicable | |BIND9 configuration compatibility check |notapplicable | |Move dhcpd/dhcprelay arguments from /etc/sysconfig/* to *.service files |notapplicable | |DNSMASQ configuration compatibility check |notapplicable | |Dovecot configuration compatibility check |notapplicable | |Net-SNMP check |notapplicable | |Squid configuration compatibility check |notapplicable | |Added and extended options for BIND9 configuration |notapplicable | |Added options in DNSMASQ configuration |notapplicable | |w3m not available in CentOS 7 |notapplicable | |report incompatibilities between CentOS 6 and 7 in qemu-guest-agent package |notapplicable | |Removed options in quota tools |notapplicable | |restore custom selinux configuration |notapplicable | |samba shared directories selinux |notapplicable | |CUPS Browsing/BrowsePoll configuration |notapplicable | |CVS Package Split |notapplicable | |FreeRADIUS Upgrade Verification |notapplicable | |bind-dyndb-ldap |notapplicable | |Identity Management Server compatibility check |notapplicable | |IPA Server CA Verification |notapplicable | |NTP configuration |notapplicable | |Information on time-sync.target |notapplicable | |OpenLDAP /etc/sysconfig and data compatibility |notapplicable | |Configuration for quota_nld service |notapplicable | |Disk quota netlink message daemon moved into quota-nld package |notapplicable | |SSSD compatibility check |notapplicable | |Clvmd and cmirrord daemon management. |notapplicable | |Removal of scsi-target-utils |notapplicable | |Configuration for warnquota tool |notapplicable | |Disk quota tool warnquota moved into quota-warnquota package |notapplicable | |Quorum implementation |notapplicable | |fix krb5kdc config file |notapplicable | |cgroups configuration compatibility check |notapplicable | |Ruby 2.0.0 |notapplicable | |SCL collections |notapplicable | |NIS ypbind config files back-up |notapplicable | |NIS Makefile back-up |notapplicable | |NIS server maps check |notapplicable | |NIS server MAXUID and MAXGID limits check |notapplicable | |NIS server config file back-up |notapplicable | |several kernel networking drivers not available in CentOS 7 |pass | |several kernel storage drivers not available in CentOS 7 |pass | |Compatibility Between iptables and ip6tables |pass | |Reusable Configuration Files |pass | |OpenSSH sshd_config migration content |pass | |Luks encrypted partition |pass | |Architecture Support |pass | |Debuginfo packages |pass | |Cluster and High Availability |pass | |Read Only FHS directories |pass | |In-place Upgrade Requirements for the /usr/ Directory |pass | |CA certificate bundles modified |pass | |Developer Tool Set packages |pass | |Hyper-V |pass | |Check for ethernet interface naming |pass | |User modification in /etc/rc.local and /etc/rc.d/rc.local |pass | |Plugable authentication modules (PAM) |pass | |Python 2.7.5 |pass | |System kickstart |pass | |Check for usage of dangerous range of UID/GIDs |pass | |Incorrect usage of reserved UID/GIDs |pass | |VCS repositories |informational | |Removed options in coreutils binaries |informational | |Removed options in gawk binaries |informational | |Removed options in netstat binary |informational | |GMP library incompatibilities |informational | |httpd configuration compatibility check |informational | |File Systems, Partitions and Mounts Configuration Review |informational | |Sonamebumped libs |informational | |SonameKept Reusable Dynamic Libraries |informational | |Removed .so libs |informational | |Foreign Perl modules |informational | |YUM |informational | |Replaced rpms |fixed | |package downgrades |fixed | |OpenSSH sysconfig migration content |fixed | |State of LVM2 services. |fixed | |device-mapper-multipath configuration compatibility check |fixed | |Configuration Files to Review |needs_inspection | |File Lists for Manual Migration |needs_inspection | |Obsoleted rpms |needs_inspection | |Binary rebuilds |needs_inspection | |Packages not signed by CentOS |needs_action | |Removed rpms |needs_action | |General |needs_action | |Content for enabling and disabling services based on CentOS 6 system |needs_action | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tarball with results is stored here /root/preupgrade-results/preupg_results-150318105406.tar.gz . The latest assessment is stored in directory /root/preupgrade . Summary information: We found some potential in-place upgrade risks. Read the file /root/preupgrade/result.html for more details. Upload results to UI by command: e.g. preupg -u http://127.0.0.1:8099/submit/ -r /root/preupgrade-results/preupg_results-*.tar.gz .
После завершения работы утилиты - получим результат с кодом выхода, далее представлено их значение.
PASS: Все в порядке; FAIL: Что-то пошло не так, возможно будут проблемы с совместимостью; FIXED: Обнаружена несовместимость, но есть решение исправить запуском postupgrade.d скриптов, после обновления; INFORMATIONAL: Информация для администраторов; NOT_APPLICABLE: Некоторые пакеты не установлены в вашей системе, но будут проверены; ERROR: Есть ошибки в рамках самой утилиты (не стоит об этом беспокоиться);
Обновление с CentOS 6 на 7
После проверки прединсталляционной утилитой мы готовы приступить к обновлению.
После завершения процесса обновления, утилита попросит перезагрузить систему для завершения установки.
... INPLACERISK: SLIGHT: We detected some files untracked by rpms. Some of these may need manual check/migration after redhat-upgrade-tool and/or can cause conflicts or troubles during the installation. Try to reduce unnecessary untracked files before running redhat-upgrade-tool. INPLACERISK: SLIGHT: We detected some packages installed on the system changed their name between CentOS 6 and CentOS 7. Although they should be compatible, monitoring after the update is recommended. INPLACERISK: SLIGHT: export shell commands will be deleted from /etc/sysconfig/sshd INPLACERISK: SLIGHT: Some scripts untracked by RPM were discovered on the system and may not work properly after upgrade. Continue with the upgrade [Y/N]? Y
Перезагружаем систему
reboot
После перезагрузки проверяем версию системы
# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.0.1406 (Core)
